Music on the Bamboo Radio

How does Nicholas change and develop During the novel? â€Å"Music on the Bamboo Radio† is a recorded fiction novel composed by Martin Booth sets in the hour of 1941 when the royal Japanese Army attacks Hong Kong. The primary character of this novel, Nicholas Holford, a British kid who camouflaged as a Chinese and made due through the war, however in transit, he confronted a great deal of difficulties and troubles to his new life which change Nicholas into a valiant and develop youthful man.Nicholas changes and be more develops from various perspectives, one of Nicholas’s most clear change that he showed in this novel, is that he went to be increasingly autonomous and begun to settle on his own choices. He was a kid who depends on his folks a ton and once in a while needs to settle on his own choices. Toward the beginning of the novel, Nicholas’ guardians were sent away to join and work in the war, which they disregarded Nicholas with their hirelings, Tang, Ah Me e and Ah Kwan.Tang asked for Nicholas and different hirelings to leave and avoid the Japanese Soldiers, however Nicholas will not leave and demands sitting tight for his folks. â€Å"We must pause, when my folks get back. † (Page 4) He doesn't understand that declining to leave will bring them into immense peril, he is additionally not bold and developed enough to decide. Be that as it may, as the novel advanced, Nicholas turned out to be considerably more autonomous and starts settling on his own choices. In Nicholas’ new life, he needs to live with a Chinese family and help them to do housework which errands turned into his every day routine.Unfortunately, Tang was wiped out from a mosquito nibble in the wake of selling fish in the market one day, and so as to same Tang’s life, Nicholas and Ah Mee needs to hazard an excursion to Kowloon to take the medication, Quinine, which is the best way to spare Tang’s life. After the intense and troublesome excursi on, they at last took the medication they need, yet on their was back home, Ah Mee turns out to be too depleted and tired that she couldn’t walk any longer. The time is ticking endlessly, they should bring the medication back home as quickly as time permits to spare Tang’s life. â€Å"Nicholas knew there was nothing for it.Tang’s life rely upon him now. â€Å" (Page 52) Nicholas ran back home with the Quinine, he chose to abandon Ah Mee after genuine and carful musings. â€Å" You’ll be protected here,’ Nicholas announced. ‘ The individuals will take care of you while you rest. † (Page 52) These show that Nicholas is presently ready to settle on great and mindful choices. Not at all like previously, Nicholas thought cautiously rather ought to or ought not run back home and leave Ah Mee here, he can think about the two sides and decide the significance on each side before settling on the choice, so he takes out his grit and made this decision.In the center of the novel, Major Fox, from the British Army Aid Group have been requested the causes from Nicholas to convey a bundle of a jug of antibody and a bar of gold. This jug of immunization could spare hundred of human lives, and this undertaking must be finished by Nicholas. In the wake of reasoning profoundly, â€Å"When he had been thinking about going with Tai Lo Fu to crush the†¦ his voice very and fearless. â€Å"I’ll convey it. ’ â€Å" (Page 109/110) Nicholas chose to help convey the package.This strategic unsafe and risky for Nicholas, he may get captured by the Japanese troopers and conceivably get killed by them, however Nicholas realize that he was unable to depend on anybody this time, rather, he needs to help other people out of luck and settle on this choice himself. Settling on this choice likewise indicated that Nicholas turned out to be autonomous and he can settle on develop choices. Another significant change that Nicholas showed in this novel, is that he ensures and helps other out of luck and got accommodating of others.Nicholas experienced childhood in a rich family, he has a plant specialist, cook and workers. (Page 3/4) He doesn’t truly need to do errands for himself, notwithstanding the way that he wouldn’t even need to help and secure others. Nonetheless, as Nicholas starts his new life, living in a Chinese Family. He begins to take his own duties, and in any event, helping his new family do tasks and housework. (Page 26) Nicholas additionally shows his insurance of others when he and Ah Mee went on the excursion to get Quinine for Tang.Nicholas and Ah Mee stroll past some Japanese troopers And the detainees on their way back home, however Ah Mee lurched and dropped her pack next to them, this got the Japanese officers consideration and they thought Ah Mee was attempting to speak with the detainees, which made the warriors yell and took out their rifles pointing at them, yet Ah M ee was too wear to hold up. Nicholas unexpectedly thought of a thought, he believed that the Japanese won't comprehend Cantonese either, so he made up gibberish with Cantonese and mimics the Chinese intonation, attempting to secure and change the Japanese soldier’s center. Page 49/50) Although Nicholas did to prevail toward the end and was spared by Ah Kwan, he had attempted his best to ensure Ah Mee in the midst of peril. Nicholas additionally turned into significantly more astute and more brilliant, and furthermore turned out to be considerably more reliable. Toward the start of this novel, Nicholas saw two Japanese officers in under seventy meters from him. â€Å" He needed to shout, bounce up, holler, it’s okay. It’s just me. Don’t shoot. I’m just eleven. â€Å" (Page 3) Nicholas didn’t understand that doing that will just purpose more consideration from the Japanese fighters and made them execute him straight away.The right thing he o ught to in this way, is discreetly leave without bringing about any consideration and cover up. Notwithstanding, Nicholas changed as he faces more difficulties. At the point when Nicholas went out traveling with Ah Kwan and Tai Lo Fu, he met a couple of Japanese warriors strolling past him, once more, however he responded shrewdly. In spite of the fact that he was apprehensive and terrified, he remained tranquil and still, not causing any consideration, (Page 65) This occurrence demonstrated that Nicholas turned out to be considerably more insightful and savvy, realizing how to protect himself in the midst of peril and furthermore gaining from his mistakes.Before Nicholas went on this excursion with Ah Kwan and Tai Lo Fu, he needs to leave well enough alone first. The motivation behind this outing, is for Nicholas to do an immense kindness for the East River Column Army, which battle against the Japanese covertly. The military needed Nicholas to interpret an english note from the Br itish for them, however in the event that the Japanese get some answers concerning this Army, they will murder every one of them right away. So Nicholas needs to stay discreet and help finish this crucial telling anybody. â€Å"Nicholas gestured. Any feeling of sweet talk vanished. (Page 61) As the novel advancement and Nicholas went on his crucial, can see that Nicholas stayed faithful to his obligation and the mystery just to himself. This indicated Nicholas is certainly not a savvy and reliable youngster. Through this war, Nicholas changed significantly from multiple points of view, both intellectually and truly. He confronted numerous troubles and intense difficulties, however it’s just these difficulties that can change Nicholas into a develop youngster. Nicholas additionally shocked and astonishes me on account of his noteworthy change and change and he likewise sets an incredible model for us to take in and experience from.

Law and the Corporation Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Law and the Corporation - Case Study Example There are two sorts, one, as referenced above is a Public Limited Company, and the other is a Private Limited Company, which as the name proposes can't offer its offers to the overall population. In the UK, the Companies Act allows a few people to frame an organization for any business that is legal. Privately owned businesses are the most effortless sort of organization to start just as run in their underlying stages. Organization's name ought to consistently end with Constrained or Ltd (Ewan 2004 p 20). Lugi must remember that this kind of organization is frequently a privately-run company; chiefs of these organizations will in general be investors and are associated with the running of the association. Typically the portions of Private Companies must be moved to someone else if the assent of the various investors is gotten. Private Limited Companies as does a PLC need to apply to the Registrar of Companies, presenting various records, which must be conveyed to the Registrar of Companies at Companies House. The two most significant are the Memorandum of Association and Articles of Association, notwithstanding these; there is a Statutory Declaration, which expresses that the prerequisites of the Companies Act have been followed. At the point when the enlistment center is fulfilled, at that point a testament of joining will be given, the organization would then be able to start exchanging on the double (World Bank 2007 p5). I would exhortation Lugi to begin his business as a restricted organization as only 2 offer capital is required to set up a private constrained organization. Constrained Companies are made with an offer capital that is (approved shared capital) just as with an offer capital which is (given shared capital). The approved offer capital can be known as the all out number of offers that exist in an organization which is increased by the ostensible estimation of each offer. Be that as it may, he should remember that not every single such offer may have been given. The gave share capital is actually same count in regard of all of the gave shares. An organization that is consolidated in England just as Wales can be made with whichever number of portions of any worth, in any money. For example, there may be 10,000 offers with an ostensible estimation of 1p, or 100 offers every one of 1. In the two cases the offer capital would came out to be 10 (Henry 2006 p 19). Focal points for Limited Company: The center reasons why Lugi should open a constrained organization is as per the following: Control of the organization can't be lost to pariahs, more individuals are set up to hazard cash since investors have restricted obligation, progressively capital can be raised on the grounds that there is no restriction to the quantity of investors and, the organization is a different lawful element and in this way, as such has a persistent lawful presence, separate from the people who are its investors. Its reality is unaffected by changes in the executives and different investors, and crafted by the business would thus be able to continue with at least interference (balance this with the demise of a sole owner) (Stephen 2000 p 10). DisadvantagesLike each business even restricted business has dangers, Lugi must be completely arranged to deal with those dangers and disservices. They are as follows:shared benefits among a bigger measure of individuals, the lawful system to set up the business, as an outcome of this there is an expense in

7 Reasons Why Reading as a Kid Was the Best List List #302

7 Reasons Why Reading as a Kid Was the Best List List #302 Were giving away 15 of the best mysteries and thrillers of the year so far. Click here to enter, or click the image below: at Read it Forward, 7 Reasons Why Reading as a Kid Was the Best at Bustle, 12 Famous Fairytale Princesses, And The Real Stories That Inspired Them at Mashable, 16 Books To Read When You Dont Know What to Read at The Guardian, 10 of the World’s Best Book Towns at The Huffington Post, 17 Children’s Books That Promote Understanding Of Autism at TheEdgars.com, The 2018 Edgar ® Winners and Nominees at Electric Literature, South American Women Authors the U.S. Has Overlooked at Publishers Weekly, 10 Essential Queer Poetry Collections at Unbound Worlds, The Best Sci-Fi and Fantasy for Book Clubs at Locus Magazine, 2018 Locus Awards Finalists at Signature, 10 Best Audiobooks to Get You Through Your Workout Routine at Off the Shelf, Choose Your Own Celebrity Book Club in 5 Books

Essay about The Science, Technology, and Ethics of HIV...

The Science, Technology, and Ethics of HIV Vaccine Research An annual report recently released by the Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS indicated that the number of HIV-infected individuals increased 10 percent in the last year, bringing the number of people worldwide who are now carrying the virus to over 33 million. According to the report, half of these new infections were in people15 to 24 years old, and there were 11 new infections a minute. Sub-Saharan Africa reportedly accounts for two thirds of the infected population and about 12 million AIDS related deaths. There were 200,000 new HIV infections in Latin American and the Caribbean last year and 800,000 new HIV infections reported in Eastern Europe and Central Asia.†¦show more content†¦The immunopathogenesis of HIV is known to a greater extent than that of many other infectious diseases for which a vaccine exists. Thus, the question arises as to why an HIV vaccine still does not exist. The United States and other industrialized nations â€Å"have a comparative a dvantage in creating incentive for HIV vaccine research and. . .doing to would be in their own self interest, as well as the interest of developing countries† (World Bank 268). The National Institutes of Health (NIH) has declared the development of an AIDS vaccine its highest priority. However, in 1995 â€Å"NIH had spent only $100 million on vaccine research out of a total AIDS budget of $1.3 billion† and only $180 million of a projected $1.73 billion will be spent on vaccine research in 1999 (Lancet 1323). Most of NIH’s AIDS budget will be allocated to research on pathogenesis and therapeutics. Similarly, worldwide totals for public and private investment in vaccine development â€Å"totaled a mere $160 million in 1993, compared with an estimated $1.3 billion spent on other approaches to prevent HIV infection and about $5 billion spent on HIV-related health care† (World Bank 266). Although investments in education and behavior intervention strategies seem to be paying off in the United States and Western Europe, the same approaches to HIV prevention should not be expected to have the same success in developing countries, primarily for two reasons. The first being the fact thatShow MoreRelatedAlga Produced Cholera Toxin-Pfs25 Fusion Proteins As Oral Vaccines Essay1499 Words   |  6 PagesAlga-Produced Cholera Toxin-Pfs25 Fusion Proteins as Oral Vaccines James A. Gregory, Aaron B. Topol, David Z. Doerner, Stephen Mayfield Division of Biological Sciences and the San Diego Center for Algae Biotechnology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA Third world countries have abysmal hygiene standards and biological protections with little or no access to health care and medical facilities. 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Essay on Equality by Differences - 1230 Words

Equality by Differences nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The end of the Civil War marked the destruction of the institution of slavery and thus, at least officially, the equality of all races within America. However, people used to being either slaves or masters for many years simply do not change out of their former roles overnight. In the decades following the Civil War, the legacy of slavery was very apparent, as blacks struggled with both poverty and second-class citizen status. True equality had yet been achieved. Such was the aim of writers like W.E.B Dubois and Booker T. Washington, who sought to put both level the social, political, and economic playing fields for both blacks and whites. Although both Dubois and Washington had†¦show more content†¦However, his opinions on how that change would be achieved differed significantly from Washington’s. Dubois viewed many aspects of Washington’s plan to integrate blacks into white society as â€Å"selling out†. To Dubois, what was imp ortant was not necessarily economic self-sufficiency, but the long-awaited coming of self-consciousness and self-realization, after years of being nothing more than nameless commodities. To Dubois, it would not be enough for blacks to simply assimilate themselves into the white system, but blacks would have to assert their unique cultural, social, and political identity. He writes in his 1897 article, â€Å"Strivings of the Negro People†, that the black man, in order â€Å"to attain his place in the world, he must be himself, and not another.† Their ancestral roots in Africa, their experiences under years of slavery, and their experiences out of slavery lead to a unique cultural and political perspective that develop into a race consciousness. 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Confederacy Theory Free Essays

These analysts fear that China’s improving military capableness risk undermining current security Hyannis predicated upon realism’s hegemonic stably theory. Hegemonic stably argues that because the united States possesses overwhelming economic and malpractice might, the international order has remained relatively stable (Snyder 2009, 6-7). Liberalism and interstate cooperation has flourished because security has been guaranteed by the united States, who acts as an arbiter in local or regional disputes. We will write a custom essay sample on Confederacy Theory or any similar topic only for you Order Now Of late, however, US hegemony is waning. After two failed wars in Iraq and Afghanistan and a global economic recession, the relative power losses of the united States coupled with the economic and militaristic rise of China has realist analysts predicting deepening security dilemmas between China and her neighbors and China and the US (Christensen 1999, 49-51; Braver 2007/8, 44 Newer 2009, 206-207). The ‘security dilemma’ narrative contends that declining US power and influence in East Asia will precipitate increased nationalism, instability, and conflict, and the emergence of a new great power capable of challenging the US will accelerate the decline of the us-backed liberal order (Snyder 1999, 10-12). Accordingly, a security dilemma follows logically with the decline of a hegemony. However, as China continues its ascent and the US seems poised to decline, the stability of the international order has remained relatively in tact. In fact, rather than undermining or challenging the liberal international order, China seems eager to participate in the existing structure (Liana 2007, 5-20). China is not adhering to Sun Tutu’s maxim that a rising power will increasingly flex its military muscle. Instead, â€Å"China’s behavior challenges existing arguments†¦ On power transitions, which assert that a rising state is likely to use force† (Braver 2007, 47). Accordingly, the predominate Yosemite theories of realism and neo-liberals are falling to adequately account for China’s peaceful and nonviolent behavior given Its gains In relative power (Newer 2009, 207). If a different theory can more accurately explain China’s peaceful rise despite relative power gains, than perhaps the very notion of a security dilemma can be effectively overcome. This essay will challenge hegemonic stably and Introduce the nascent concept of confederacy theory and Its gulden principle of a ‘prosperity-interest’. This essay will then demonstrate that prosperity-interests are effectively maligning the traditional resent of a security dilemma in Taiwan and in China by elevating prosperity and a security dilemma are a self-fulfilling prophecy – if you expect security concerns to be paramount, they will be. However, while this narrative predicts increased tensions, the reality presents a far different picture. Security dilemmas are being normalized by an expanding commercialism that priorities growth and prosperity over conflict. Confederacy Theory Confederacy theory was presented by Squids Snyder who reflected that the actions of states in the current global order do not properly fit into extant systemic theories. Snyder argues that the liberal international order constructed post WI is no longer being singularly supported by US hegemony. Instead, the international order is currently buttressed by what Snyder calls ‘a confederate structure composed of a cluster of liberal states engaged in vigorous commercial rivalry (Snyder 2009, 15). The role of the United States has shifted from being the system’s underwriter to simply being its largest participant. At the center of the current international order are nations interacting and integrating commercially at unprecedented levels while simultaneously competing against one another to make gains in relative prosperity. The nucleus of this order is not composed of the United States, nor will it be controlled singularly by China or any rising state. Instead, power resides in a cohesive commercial league of nations centered around the strongest Western powers plus Japan. â€Å"This league is a major power configuration that has altered competitive dynamics such that commercial integration†¦ Not military opposition and revision, has become the dominant competitive strategy’ (Snyder 2009, 34). The Cold War marked an era wherein acquiring guns at any cost meant acquiring security and power – hence why the Cold War is the apotheosis of realism. Today, however, the obvious reality that money buys guns is trumping the strategic imperative of having guns. In the current global order, wealth is power, and in order to maximize wealth, countries are seeking â€Å"the desired benefits derived from membership and inclusion in the commercial order† (Snyder 2009, 19). The sheer magnitude of commercialism dictates that in order to compete nations must Join in so as not to be left behind. A country’s strength â€Å"to a large degree hinges on [its] ability to integrate itself into he dominant liberal commercial order,† (Snyder 2009, 16). In order to prosper and be competitive, nations must appeal to foreign direct investment (FED), attract the brightest minds from around the world, invest in human capital, invest in foreign companies, attract overseas firms, reciprocally trade in raw materials, acquire cheap energy, etc. (Myers 2010, 2-7). For a state to enhance its power and security, it must enhance its access to economic and commercial resources. Failure to engage with this league of nations means a failure to economically grow; and a failure to grow dads to instability, both domestically and militarily. Accordingly, the guiding principle to security and power isn’t simply owning a gun, it’s possessing the wealth and prosperity to buy a gun any time you need. Prosperity The Security Dilemma – What does this mean for Security Dynamics? Despite underlying shifts in the distribution of power between nations, â€Å"the basic represents the nucleus of a new order predicated upon prosperity, not military power. In this system, â€Å"the most powerful driver of competitive behavior relates not to survival, but prosperity and commerce† (Snyder 2009, 16). To this point, confederacy theory seems in line with neo-liberalism. However, while integration can exist along a wide spectrum of interests, the principle phenomenon in confederacy theory focuses on the magnitude of commerce rather than on inter- governmental relations and the concept of institutional peace. Commercialism inherently requires a heavy degree of institutionalizing, but the important factor is that each state retains its sovereignty. A security dilemma is avoidable not because the institutions themselves mitigate conflict, but because commerce becomes the entrap arena wherein â€Å"the balance has shifted from guns to butter† (Snyder 2009, While liberals optimistically await the end of competitive inclinations, confederacy theory argues that competitive dynamics persist, but only in reaction to economic pressures rather than traditional military capabilities. â€Å"Every state still prefers to make gains relative to rivals† in order to maintain a prosperity gap (Snyder 2009, 24). Accordingly, security interests are not abandoned for absolute gains; only, â€Å"prosperity interests have eclipsed security concerns while competition has shifted to immemorial rivalry’ (Snyder 2009, 34). Because competition and relative gains remain despite collaboration and overwhelming interaction, the security dilemma isn’t simply removed from the equation. Instead, what confederacy theory argues is a normalization of traditional security concerns because a state’s viable strategic options are fundamentally limited. If participating in commercialism provides the means to economically prosper, then it logically follows that states will conform to systemic requirements in order to be included. While institutions like the World Trade Organization exist to ensure fair trade raciest, what is more fascinating are how nations are conforming their behavior to unwritten rules or best practices in order to increase national competitiveness economically. In order to attract capital and investment, nations must demonstrate political stability and economic liberalism. For instance, nations must have a consistent and enforceable legal system; they must protect intellectual property, promote innovation, and enforce banking and finance norms. In short, â€Å"capital follows opportunity†¦ [and] seeks out political stability’ (Snyder 2009, 20). Military posturing r even the threat of instability inherently limits national competitiveness in attracting capital and growth. China’s GAP the year before the Attainment square incident grew 1 1. 9%; in the two years following Attainment, GAP grew merely 4. 1% and 3. 8% respectively (Workloads). Security dilemmas will still exist, but countries literally can not afford to act upon fears at the risk of substantially limiting their ability to continue to prosper relative to other nations. â€Å"Even those who might arguably have Justifiable reason to fear one another?as the US might be wary of China’s rise?none can actually afford to act on Hess fears in the ways Unrealism expects† (Snyder 2009, 19). Concerning the security dilemmas that may arise from China’s military modernization, none is more precarious than the China-Taiwan relationship. China has continued to emphasize its ‘One-China’ policy as a top priority, and to demonstrate their resolve, China has hundreds of missiles pointed at Taipei to ensure compliance to the 2005 ‘anti-cessation’ law threatening force if Taiwan proceeds with formal independence (Rigger 2006, 1). Realist analysts view the region as a powder keg waiting to erupt. To highlight the depth of concern, realists note that even characteristics of the traditional security dilemma are heightened as defensive weaponry, which is usually not considered a move towards escalation, is seen as overtly threatening (Christensen 2009, 51). Despite these ominous trends, Taiwan is actually moving closer to China rather than distancing itself (Rigger 2006, 2-4). Though Taiwan is experiencing increased nationalism, which should fuel resentment and conflict, traditional realist concerns over military balancing are not their immediate concern. There is an emerging paradox in Taiwan wherein as the number of people identifying themselves as Taiwanese increases, there is a simultaneous decreasing desire for formal independence. Shelley Rigger investigated this phenomenon and concluded that a generational gap exists in Taiwan wherein the younger population (18-35), though increasingly identifying themselves as Taiwanese, looks upon China with pragmatism and rationality rather than traditional aggression. Rigger does note that, â€Å"there is powerful logic†¦ That as Taiwanese lose their emotional attachment to Chinese identity, they will be less interested in interacting† with China. Such a powerful logic’, however, is rooted in an obsolete model of systemic theory. Instead, Rigger notes that the emotional component that normally triggers resentment and distrust in these instances is being replaced with increased pragmatism. In a survey Rigger conducted of 18-35 year old Taiwanese residents, 73% of respondents said they would encourage increasing cross-strait economic engagement (Rigger 2006, 29) as a means to improving Titan’s economy. Additionally, a majority of respondents said they’d be willing to work or study in mainland China. In a subsequent survey asking what is their most pressing concern, majority of 19-30 year old Taiwanese residents cited ‘personal economic concerns’ as the number one issue; only 7% of respondents cited political tensions with China. Rigger concluded that for the younger generation of Taiwanese issues of unification and independence â€Å"are of little concern to them†¦ They are far more interested in pragmatic issues involving economics, employment, and education† (Rigger 2006, 27). Accordingly, the trend of ‘Atomization’ that realists fear has instead produced immense optimism about the future of China-Taiwan relations (Rigger 2006, 4). As the elder generation of Taiwan residents slowly cedes power to a younger and less historically minded generation of politicians, businessmen, and military officers, there is a greater likelihood that hostilities will be minimized by a rationality and pragmatism that recognizes cooperation and commercialism as the means to economic prosperity. China The Security Dilemma been the principal drivers of China’s very high level of international economic integration. In turn, the pragmatic imperative to continue rapid economic growth†¦ As gradually led China to participate more actively and cooperatively’ (Lang 007, 147). This ‘pragmatic imperative’ explains why, in the military realm, â€Å"China has been less belligerent than leading theories of IR might have predicted† (Braver, 2007/8, 45). Taylor Braver examined all instances, since 1949, in which China used force during territorial disputes. He concluded that China rarely exploits its military superiority and has instead opted to offer concessions rather than leverage or utilize military force (Braver 2007/8, 45). In the instances where force was used, China had suffered a ‘negative shift in bargaining power’, meaning China’s relative power was lessened by he the military modernization of a rival (Braver 2007/8, 47). Framer’s conclusions directly challenge realist claims. China has only used forced when its relative power has declined and not when its power has increased! This study reinforces the notion that though security dilemmas may still exist, China will not be the instigator of tensions. The United States or Taiwan may view China’s actions as heightening or elevating security concerns, but in reality, China acts simply to maintain a security balance rather than to increase their own first-strike capability. While examining the role of the PLAN in crafting China’s policy toward Taiwan, Ellis Coffee notes that while the PLAN is largely responsible for coercing and deterring Taiwan from independence, the Plan’s aggressive statements and military exercises are mostly for show rather than a precursor to action Coffee 1997, 64-68). Coffee points out that there is â€Å"no concrete evidence that PLAN leaders have pushed for military action against Taiwan,† and that â€Å"logic does not point to this conclusion† Foe 1997, 68). The Plan’s military posturing may benefit its budget and influence, but â€Å"any military action aeries the danger of escalation†¦ Its costs are likely to be enormous. † Accordingly, the PLAN flirts with threatening statements, but it is not courting the idea of actual military aggression. The central problem in trying to understand The Party security thinking lies in an inability to see how the PLAN would be able to harness even its most impressive new capabilities to prevail – at an acceptable cost – in a conflict† (Newer 2009, 206). The higher the costs for a host nation in initiating conflict, the less likely offensive action will be pursued (Braver 2007/8, 78); as a result, without including imperialism and its role in providing gro wth and prosperity, the existing realist equation used to predict conflict is utterly inadequate. Both statements and military modernization efforts are being interpreted using traditional realism (Newer 2009, 206-207); however, the reality screams of a different truth. Today, the economic costs of aggression are mitigating security concerns – China learned this truth briefly after Attainment Square, and they have been wary of aggression ever since. China – Prosperity as a Strategic Imperative The secret to China’s meteoric rise, according to William Overshot, has been emulating global best practices in economic development (Overshot 2012, 134). China’s economy has grown 14 fold over the past 30 years sustaining a roughly 10% annual growth in GAP. Such immense prosperity is directly attributable to a strategy China is both the most pure form of prosperity-interest, and the first to openly acknowledge that the military prerogative takes a backseat to domestic prosperity. One of the most pressing domestic security and economic concerns for the ICP is â€Å"sustaining adequate Job growth for tens of millions of migrants, new entrants to the ark force, and workers laid off from state-owned enterprises not worth saving† (Myers 2010, 4). Accordingly, China launched, in 2000, a ‘Go Global’ strategy which sought to encourage Chinese firms to invest overseas, and to attract overseas investments into the mainland. The Go Global strategy makes China better able to â€Å"seek more profitable ways of investing its massive accumulation of foreign exchange reserves, [to] gain access to foreign technology and management skills to help domestic firms become more efficient and internationally competitive, and most importantly, [to] acquire energy and raw materials† (Myers 2010, 4-5). By the close of 2004, over 80% of the world’s top 500 companies have invested in China (Snyder 2009, 23). In 1975 China’s net trade revenues were $15 billion; by the close of 2006, trade totals eclipsed $1. 5 trillion (Snyder, 2009, 23) – an increase of roughly FED 1983 totaled a mere $636 million; in 2008, FED totaled $92 billion (Myers 2010, 4). Additionally, the Chinese government estimates that there are currently 286,200 foreign companies currently operating in China employing more than 42 million Chinese citizens (Myers 2010, 4). These figures illustrate that China’s rise has been dependent on attracting foreign capital and external resources. Newer argues that more than simply an economic need, China’s mass importation of materials and energy is part of a systematic strategy to force resource rich neighboring nations to rely on China for their own prosperity (Newer 2009, 208-209). This reliance, argues Newer, forms a dependency in which China guarantees regional stability and nonviolence by ensuring that no neighboring nation would attack China because that nation’s economy is utterly dependent upon China’s import and consumer power (Newer 009, 208). What Newer fails to appreciate or note, however, is that China has come to equally depend on these neighboring nations much in the same way. Dependency theory is often presented negatively in IR (often used to explain how the strong ‘North’ exploits and suppresses the weak ‘South’), but it is not necessarily a bad thing. Dependency implies an overlap of shared interest. China has negotiated a $41 billion with Australia for its liquefied natural gas; and they have agreed too $5. 6 billion deal with Manner, a Chinese border-nation, to export energy from Manner’s leading energy consortium (Myers 2010, 5). The fundamental shift in power transition theory demands why, in today’s world, would any country stab a trading partner in the back after formalizing massively beneficial commercial exchanges? Conclusion Somali pirates have resurged lately disrupting the flow of oil from the Middle East. Because great power prosperity is heavily reliant on this flow of oil, the Gulf is now being protected by Chinese, European, and American warships all coexisting in this small waterway to protect material resources that quite literally fuel each nation’s economic growth. Traditional realism should predict conflict in the gulf considering oil is currently one of the most coveted natural resources. However, rather than nation is happy to avoid conflict so long as oil flows unobstructed. Commercialism if effectively minimizing traditional security concerns. What will ultimately determine China’s rise is not a security dilemma, but whether its domestic reforms can keep pace with economic realities that dictate national growth or stagnation. China has become aware of such a reality and has opted to pursue prosperity. How to cite Confederacy Theory, Papers

Single Shot Review Essay Example

Single Shot Review Paper Essay on Single Shot Im not a big fan of the genre sci-fi thriller, but when there is a full bezknizhie have to read 🙂 Orlova I have not read, so downloaded liters with a small piece of the beginning seemed promising, forcing me to buy a book. As soon as the beginning of the book there was a complication of the plot , after which the plot develops quite rapidly, all twirling and twisting spiral. Not to say that this part of the work is original someone lost his memory, but the skills are gradually gaining its place in the world again, what is happening fast enough. After all, the memory of the body this hoo 🙂 But in any case, it is quite readable, but then went miracles. And wonders unpleasant. The main character has become so cool that you wonder how it is still the land. All he can, but knows all the crafts, each as superekspert. And, of course, excellent warrior. And, all this is accompanied by unthinkable somersaults plot, for example, so as not to spoil otherwise, except to say that the first quarter of the book takes place in a medieval world, then there appear spaceships and end in general all transformed into a space opera. It may be added that all of the bad stuff is made between them, except for the plot glue, the coolness of the protagonist. And it increases with each page:) We will write a custom essay sample on Single Shot Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Single Shot Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Single Shot Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer But it could survive if the characters were real people. Unfortunately, the characters are more like a network of bots, than living people. Let me give a couple of dialogues: I would like to put on his clothes, said Maj. Of course.. After all, for this it repaired and cleaned. I was hoping that you get well soon, but it turned out otherwise -. As you dragged here interceptor, he also weighs a lot -? Oh, we have a wealth of experience in transportation of heavy loads. Im recently built a new castle. Or,  «Look, Mike, how to meet girls  »  «Look, do not need the look too unapproachable!  »  « There is no woman who would not want Jack Becket, remember this So I went. Watch and learn  » If we add that the main character villain, the picture is still the same. Imagine a bot a scoundrel:) The authenticity deserves a separate paragraph. After all, it is not there. Starting with the quantity and quality of skills of the protagonist and ending illogical actions of other characters. If not for the constant dynamics of the narrative, which leaves no time to think, to read a book it would be very difficult. In summing up and summarizing the comments here, on this opus, I do not recommend this book to read. Perhaps she will enjoy a big fan of this genre, still in the book, there are militant and speaker (sorry that others are not). Author of the black list, a book in the closet. The evaluation of this product on a scale you can see in my blog.

Argue or accept - Smart Custom Writing Samples

Argue or accept - Smart Custom Writing HomosexualityIn the United States, homosexuality and consequently, same-sex marriages, has resulted in a lot of controversy and the trading of accusations and counter-accusations. Conceptually, marriage is defined as a legal and religious long-term commitment between two people of the opposite sex. This stretches further to incorporate rights in financial responsibilities and benefits as assigned to heterosexual couples. However, this traditional view is increasingly facing change and opposition. Several states such as Massachusetts, Connecticut, California, Iowa, the District of Columbia and, New Jersey have already reflected this clamour for change and adopted legislation allowing gay marriages. In these states therefore, homosexual couples have the freedom to decide whether to marry or not in a legally acceptable manner. The gay couples can enjoy mutual couple benefits such as legal spouse representation, medical visitations, pension benefits and inheritance rights accorded to the bereaved. In a few other states such as Rhode Island, Hawaii, Maine, Colorado and Wisconsin have instituted domestic partnership laws whereby gay couples can enjoy limited rights though gay marriages are out rightly outlawed. This has however not influenced the society to radically accept gay couples and end all stigma and discrimination directed unto them. Proponents of the entrenchment of gay rights into the United States Constitution argue that barring homosexual marriages is tantamount to discrimination. The essence of the United States Constitution is to protect and preserve minorities' rights and hence gay advocates feel that the federal government or anyone else should not bar marriage to any minorities. This argument is further supported by the Interracial Marriage Act whereby marriages across races were prohibited in the United States till 1967. Therefore, it is crucial to examine the pros and cons of gay marriages and evaluate them from a basis of whether it is plausible to not only legalise them but also mount awareness campaigns to de-stigmatize them. There are various arguments that have been put forward in support of gay marriages. These range from rights in freedom in the Bill of Rights, inherent rights, societal perspectives and biological claims. First, lobbyists and advocates for gay couples feel that if they are not legalized, this will be tantamount to isolation of their rights to religious freedom. Opponents to this have expressed the fact that all major religions consider homosexual relationships as a sin. However, the First Amendment as entrenched in the American Constitution that every person’s rights and views pertaining to religion or lack thereof be it a minority group or not, must be protected. The marriage institution is a secular and societal activity in contrast to the widely acknowledged view as a solely religious perspective of people’s lives. Therefore, the government cannot base laws on a religious concept. This can be equated as entrenching the mentioning of God’s name in vain as a crim e. Secondly, benefits that accrue to a married couple such as joint property ownership and medical benefits are also accorded to gay couples if their unions are legalized. Vital societal and mutual benefits such as tax reduction, property ownership, insurance benefits and agency laws affect a couple’s decision-making. For instance, if a partner in a gay couple that has lived together for twenty years falls ill, visitation rights to the other partner are denied since they are not recognized by law as the next of kin or spouse. Therefore, critical decisions such as incapacitation are not discussed conclusively by the couple. This, as the advocates pointedly illustrate, is unfair just because these individuals do not fit a state definition. Thirdly, gay couples and various couples not only feel that this is an accepted lifestyle but also cite biological causation. Over time, the widely held conception that homosexuality is a deviant sexual behavior is fading out. History, dating back to the Greece indicates the existence of homosexual relationships and the origin of such terms such as Lesbos for lesbians. Psychological research is underway that has already achieved in showing that same-sex relationships have a biological causation. However, caution should be taken to differentiate this from a genetic causation which has no substantial basis. This is depicted by the fact that in most gay couples, one partner exhibits characteristics of the opposite sex such as softer voices in males and strong cheekbones in females. There would be absolutely no need for an individual to choose to be gay in a world that frowns upon the same. This argument therefore renders support to the implied theory that homosexuality is involuntary. Fourthly, denying gay couple the right to a legal marriage is discriminatory. America was founded on the concept of majority rule with the protection of minorities such as the anti-slavery acts and inter-racial marriages. Furthermore, it does not hurt anyone in particular or the society. A marriage is deemed as a personal commitment between two people and should not be dictated upon by society. On to the fifth argument for gay marriages, it is important to note marriages are founded on the basis of love not the mutual benefits accorded by the state on couples. This is a life-time commitment whereby the partners vow to support each other through thick and thin and forsake all others till death. It is noteworthy that legal maneuvers accorded to couples in several states have not served to quest the clamor for legalization and acceptance of marriages. This implies there is more to these marriages than just legal aspects. The sixth argument put forward is that gay marriages will entrench family values whereby couples will give up high-risk sexual behaviors. This is a two-edged approach whereby the opposite can be viewed as the erosion of family virtues. However, marriages encourage people to settle down and give up frivolous lifestyles which expose them to STDs and other risks. When married couples commit to building a life together, they depict a positive desirable behavior that should be encouraged. Finally, it is important to note that gay couples enjoy the same financial benefits and constraints encountered by heterosexual marriages. Therefore, a homosexual marriage ensures couples support each other especially in the face of the ongoing turbulent economic times. They can easily meet their bills and utilities and live the American dream if these unions are legalized. On the other hand, opponents to this legislation have come up with a myriad number of reasons as to why gay marriages should not be legalized. First and chief among these is the religious aspect. Most religions in the world today consider homosexuality a great sin. Homosexuality is not only deeply opposed by the various religions in the country but it is also deemed offensive. It is seen as limiting the freedom of religion enjoyed by the majority. The fact that the United States Constitution was founded under a religious perspective and highly borrows from the Christian Bible further serves to indicate the citizens’ opposition to homosexuality. Hence, laws prohibiting homosexuality should be upheld. Secondly, the legalization of gay marriages shall weaken the definition and perspective attached to marriage as per se. With rising cases of divorce, which are projected at 50 percent, the respect accorded to marriages has already been weakened. Gay marriages, if legalized, are expected to increase the number of non-serious marriages viewed as making fun of this serious intuition such as individuals desiring to be tax-exempt. This shall be in utter contrast to the widely felt view that marriage is a sacred institution that should be well-adhered to. Further, this is supported by the fact that only people in the opposite sex can pro-create. Most activists against homosexuality feel that it encourages adoption while ignoring pro-creation, which is viewed as a gift from God. Secondly, the full adoption of marriage into the social setup shall ideally weaken the perspective in which traditional family values are held as the most vital in society. The chief building blocks of every society is the traditional nuclear family setup of man, woman and children. This has been the reason as to why societies have managed to remain rational throughout historical events such as the world wars, the great depression and other similar challenges. Family members have always stuck up close even when friends and lovers forsake thee. Therefore, it is noteworthy that our societies are crumbling due to the increasing change in perception of families and the weakening of their structure. Introducing another perceptive view to the already weakened family view shall definitely worsen the situation. Thirdly, this would trigger a slippery slope in the scope of the legality of marriages. Contrary to the proposition by gay proponents that these marriages would hurt no-one, this would trigger the onset of a chain reaction that would ultimately lead to a radical change in the whole idea of marriage. Abhorrent traits such as incest in which closely relate family members intermarry may come up. There is therefore a need to define the institution of family and marriage firmly, otherwise, the options and variations might prove to be endless. This may sound absurd, but it is vital to note that it does not take the majority to change this but a few activist judges to change these laws by interpreting them under the doctrine of stare decisis so as to impose this on everyone just as was the case in where two judges in California declared the Pledge of Allegiance unconstitutional.   Finally, the gay culture, under a psychological analysis and review, should not be encouraged. This is since it leads to psychological disorders, much lower life expectancy which is indicated at less than twenty years in comparison to the general population which can be attributed to the hassles experienced by this couples; and the highly likely transmittance of Sexually Transmitted Diseases as is the case in the studies conducted in Haiti by Centre of Disease Control. There is therefore a need to discourage unhealthy practices that are detrimental to humanity. In conclusion, it is important to note the controversy on gay marriages and homosexuality is a societal issue that must be resolved. Either the proponents and advocates of homosexuality will attain legislative and mutual recognition over time or the opponents of this change will manage to contain this whirlwind. It is therefore vital to analyze various articles that have appeared in the recent past which act as pointers as to the direction this crucial debate is taking. New York Times reporter David Dunlap notes that while the licensing marriages does not explicitly prohibit homosexual marriages at any one time, it â€Å"used terms of gender that clearly indicated that only heterosexual couples could marry.... In 1993, the Hawaii Supreme Court ruled that a refusal to grant marriage licenses violated the state constitution. Even though the court found that the state of Hawaii’s constitution had discriminated against homosexuals, which should legalize marriage nationally, presently there have been no same-sex marriage license that have been issued anywhere in the United States .† This reflects the situation at the time. There have been wide-felt changes since then. As of 2010, various states have already passed legislation in favour of gay marriages and gone ahead to issue licences. Conversely, an Online US News columnist feels that â€Å"one state court should not dictate marriage laws for the entire nation. If gay marriages become legal in Hawaii, other states may have to recognize them, as well, because the U.S. Constitution requires each state to grant full faith and credit to the acts of other states. But, he argues, many states do not want to recognize same-sex unions, and should not be forced to do so by a few judges in Hawaii.† Hawaii has gone forth to include various legal rights which safeguard the interests of gays. Is this a pointer that homosexuality is here to stay?

T4A(OAS) Tax Slips for Canadian Income Tax Returns

T4A(OAS) Tax Slips for Canadian Income Tax Returns A Canadian T4A(OAS) tax slip, or Statement of Old Age Security, is issued by Service Canada to tell you and the Canada Revenue Agency (CRA) how much old age security income you received during a tax year and the amount of income tax that was deducted. Deadline for T4A(OAS) Tax Slips T4A(OAS) tax slips must be issued by the last day of February the year after the calendar year to which the T4A(OAS) tax slips apply. Sample T4A(OAS) Tax Slip This sample T4A(OAS) tax slip from the CRA site shows what a T4A(OAS) tax slip looks like. For more information on what is included in each box on the T4A(OAS) tax slip and how to deal with it when filing your income tax return, click on the box number in the pull-down menu  above the sample T4A(OAS) tax slip. Filing T4A(OAS) Tax Slips With Your Income Tax Return When you file a paper income tax return, include copies of each of the T4A(OAS) tax slips you receive. If you file your income tax return using NETFILE or EFILE, keep copies of your T4A(OAS) tax slips with your records for six years in case the CRA asks to see them. Missing T4A(OAS) Tax Slips If you do not receive your T4A(OAS) tax slip, contact Service Canada at 1-800-277-9914 during regular business hours. You will be asked for your Social Insurance Number. Even if you havent received your T4A(OAS) tax slip, file your income tax return by the deadline anyway to avoid penalties for filing your income taxes late. Calculate your OAS income and any related deductions and credits you can claim as closely as you can using any information you have. Include a note saying what you have done to get a copy of the missing T4A(OAS) tax slip. Include copies of any statements and information you used in calculating the income and deductions for the missing T4A(OAS) tax slip. Viewing and Printing T4(OAS) Tax Slips Online If you wish to view and print your T4(OAS) tax slips online, you can make arrangements through the My Service Canada Account. For detailed information, see the following Service Canada pages: Get Your Tax Information Slips Online, andTax Information Slips in My Service Canada Account. Other T4 Tax Information Slips Other T4 tax information slips include: T4- Statement of Remuneration PaidT4A- Statement of Pension, Retirement, Annuity, and Other IncomeT4A(P)- Statement of Canada Pension Plan BenefitsT4E- Statement of Employment Insurance and Other BenefitsT4RIF- Statement of Income From a Registered Retirement Income FundT4RSP- Statement of RRSP Income

Enemy Of State Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Enemy Of State - Movie Review Example The movie was completely produced in The United States with major filming locations as Los Angeles, California, Washington DC, Baltimore, Maryland. The basic plan sketch of this movie is that a lawyer turns out to be a goal by a fraudulent politician and his NSA gangsters when the lawyer by coincidence obtains core verification to a grave politically provoked murder transgression. The only man on earth who can be of assistance to the lawyer is an ex-government official turned observation specialist. Jerry Bruckheimmer whose name is frequently related with noisy and mindless action spectacles created Enemy Of The State. Therefore, it was tempting to brand the thrilling movie as just one more Hollywood "high perception" film that underestimate grave subject, in this story the everlasting quandary stuck between public safety and private autonomy. At earliest glimpse, it seems that this film may perhaps be abridged nothing over the series of run after and clashes. Nevertheless, Director Tony Scott, who regularly is apt to focus of those views at the expenditure of the whole thing as well, was perceptibly involved to the likelihood to demonstrate probable of contemporary observational expertise in a novel method.

Having good study skills can improve student Essay

Having good study skills can improve student - Essay Example There are various good studying skills and these skills are of utmost importance as they can lead to provide for betterment in the student with regard to their education. An important studying skill that students should know is that they should choose the most comfortable location for their studies. It is essential that students are easy and relaxed while studying and thus they should choose their spots of studying as per their requirements. An individual should consider his spot according to his own comfort level rather than trying to choose spots where their peers can study well. This is because every individual has his own way of studying and to try to accommodate oneself in a spot where others are comfortable may not be a very suitable option. A perfect example to support this stand is the library. Many students find it easy to study in the library owing to their liking of the studying environment. On the other hand, some students find it very difficult to study in the library as they get distracted by the new people who enter the library or because they feel more comfortable while studying at home. Thus, it is important for a student to choose his specific spot of studying as per his own needs and requirements. ... In this way, the student would be able to stay in pace with the teachings in the class and he would also be able to understand what is required from him during lectures and in his assignments. There are a few students who hesitate to contact their teachers out of fear that their teachers would look down upon them and consider them to inattentive and slow. This is extremely wrong and it further worsens the educational level of an already struggling student. Thus, an important skill of studying is to have a good communication with the instructor. Organization in studying is also a very essential skill that can help students to improve in their studies. Students should not only organize their studying times but they should also organize the way in which they study. Organized schedules allow students to dedicate the required time to their studies. A student should create his timetable by devoting the maximum time to the subjects that he is weak in. In this way, he would be able to concen trate more on his weaknesses and hence improve his performance in those subjects. Apart from creating timetables for studying times, students should organize their study pattern. Haphazard studying leads to more confusion and the students are not able to retain what they study. An easier way is to study the most difficult and important topics and highlight the important points. Very important points that may help at the last minute before an exam can be written down in a notebook for later revision. In this manner, a student can revise his work easily and go through the highlighted sections and the notebook for overviewing the important points. Thus, time organization as well as organizing the study

Composed Kenyans and Happy-go-Lucky Nigerians Essay -- Comparison Comp

Composed Kenyans and Happy-go-Lucky Nigerians "You're from Kenya, right?" "No, I'm from Nigeria." "Nigeria, Kenya. Kenya, Nigeria. Same thing." "No, actually they are entirely different countries located at opposite ends of the African continent and contain two very different groups of people." It is amazing how very little some people know about the continent -- not country -- of Africa, let alone the 57 countries within it. Some people have suggested that Kenya and Nigeria are in South America or even Australia. Although Kenya and Nigeria are both African countries, their cultures are quite unlike each other. The food, speech, and methods of interaction within these cultures serve as evidence of their distinctiveness. Kenyans are usually more laid back and composed while Nigerians tend to be more active and vivacious. While Kenyans seem to be satisfied with a more basic menu, Nigerians show their great appreciation for food through an extensive selection. In Kenya, four typical dishes can be expected to be served at party gatherings. The first is nyama uchoma, beef or goat meat cut into thick slabs and roasted over a large grill. Ugali, which is a main dish made out of either yellow or white corn flour that closely resembles mush before it is fried, is eaten along with the nyama uchoma. Chapatis, which are like soft flaky tacos, are also served either rolled up or cut into triangular pieces. The final dish served would be a watery stew with peas, carrots, and a few chunks of beef, served over pilaf rice. Sodas and/or beer are provided as beverages, in addition to chai, which is prepared by first warming milk, boiling tea leaves in the mil... ... lashing out at each other at 5:00 a.m. in the street will be the same two people that will be calling each other "My brother" at 5:59 a.m. While Kenyans do a better job of holding things in, Nigerians tend to get it over with right away. Although it may still be difficult to distinguish a Kenyan from a Nigerian simply based on appearance, there are clues that can be used to differentiate these two groups of people. If one were to enter a Kenyan or a Nigerian home and sit down for a meal or spend a brief moment to interact through verbal communication, the difference would be almost obvious. The home that serves the simpler meal sprinkled with occasional moments of silence will most likely be the Kenyan home. If the foods on the menu exceed ten items and the conversation remains constant, it is probably safe to assume one has entered the home of a Nigerian.

Sexual Harassment Case Study

Individual Case Study #1 1. Is there a case of sexual harassment in this situation or is it only fun? This is a case of sexual harassment because; the words and actions of fellow employees ultimately made Rosetta quit her job. The technical definition of harassment is when members of an organization treat an employee in a different manner due to that person’s sex, race, religion, age, and etc. Harassment also includes unwelcomed remarks or jokes which make the employee feel uncomfortable.These guys that Rosetta had been working with, as she mentioned were making remarks and asking uncomfortable questions regarding her personal relationships (asking about her boyfriend, asking intimate details and asking if she prefers Canadian men over Italian men), the guys made dirty jokes and purposely made sure that Rosetta heard them, which is another sign of harassment – its causes Rosetta to feel awkward and embarrassed at her workplace (somewhere where she should feel comfortabl e and safe).Not only, do these guys make dirty jokes, but the manager, Al also contributes and encourages these guys regardless if it’s making another employee uncomfortable. These guys make fun of Rosetta when she comes into work, with remarks like calling her â€Å"Risotto† which in Italian means rice with gravy, not only is this an unwelcomed remark, its taunting her and insulting towards her Italian culture. Another form is harassment is displaying is offensive or pornographic items in a workplace environment.According to Rosetta, these guys post centrefolds pinned on their machines, which are pictures of nude or almost nude women. This is highly inappropriate for the work environment and makes Rosetta uncomfortable. When Rosetta asked these men from refraining to asking awkward and inappropriate questions and to leave her alone, they said that â€Å"Italians are just braggarts† which is derogatory and condescending term against her race. Sexual harassment; a form of harassment, was also present in this situation.Sexual harassment has three different characteristics; the first one being that the encounters must be unwelcomed to the complainant, expressly or implicitly known by the responder to be unwelcomed. This applies to this situation because Rosetta let the guys knows that she did not like the remarks by sayings â€Å"leave me alone† and â€Å"mind your own business† and they still continue to make remarks which leads to the second characteristic; conduct must continue despite the complainant protests, finally the third characteristic is complainants cooperation must be due to employment related threats.Rosetta suffered and took the harassment for so long from the fear of the manager, and being fired from her job. 2. If you were Eva, what would-and could-you do? What are the options? What is the probability of success of each option? Rosetta faced indirect systematic discrimination, which indicates that there is no i ntention to discriminate, but the system, arrangements, or policies allow it to happen. To begin with, Eva could have talked to the Manager, which she had and it didn’t lead her to positive results.So, she could either go above the manager or go directly to the Human Resource department of that company. This is a long process, which has many steps so Eva could choose to go to the Canadian Human Rights Commission. The Canadian Human Rights Act is a federal law that permits discrimination anything under federal jurisdiction, for example banks, airlines, government agencies, radio and TV companies. Areas that are not covered but the federal jurisdiction are covered by the provincial human rights act.The Canadian Human Rights Commission (CHRC) is there to supervise and implement any action under the Canadian Human Rights Act. Any person/group that has reasonable ground to believe that they have been discriminated against has the right to file with CHRC. For Eva to report harassme nt has taken place against Rosetta, she must first take permission from Rosetta, otherwise there is a chance that her complaint could be rejected. However, there are many things that Rosetta has to be careful with, the CHRC does not accept complaints that are over a year old, if the complaint seems trivial or made in bad faith.Eva must report this problem immediately with the correct proof so her complaint wouldn’t be dismissed. After Eva has filed the complaint, it will be further investigated. It will either be ruled as substantiated or non-substantiation, if ruled substantiated, (in support of complainant) then an attempt to make a settlement will be made. If no settlement is made, then the Human Rights Tribunal Panel can be appointed to further investigate the complaint. If they find that there was discrimination against Rosetta, then she will be compensated as seen appropriate.Eva can also file a complaint with the Ontario Human Rights laws and commission, which will inv estigate the complaint (also with the consent of Rosetta) and a settlement will be offered to satisfy both parties if no settlement is reached, then complaint will be further investigated. Both these processes are very long, but proven in favour of the complaint many times. However, there are times where there is no discrimination/harassment found in the case.Another thing Eva could do is try to implement the employment equity program within the organization. This program (usually run by employers) is used to undo past employment discrimination and prevent future discrimination and create equal employment opportunity within the company. Eva, with the help of the HR department could use this program and the example of Rosetta to prevent future situations like this by educating the employees about the laws, and diversity. It can also help undo the harassment that Rosetta faced. . What are Al’s responsibilities in this instance? Did he carry them out well? Why or why not? Employ ers, or managers have one basic responsibility towards their employees, which is to provide a safe environment for their employees and Al, as the manager failed to do so. The job of managers/supervisors is to know the law and to implement it within their organization/team. His responsibility is to be aware of what harassment is, different types of harassments and the signs of harassed workers.His responsibility as a manager was to put a stop to the harassment and discrimination Rosetta was facing, and report those employees to the Human Resources Department or to the CHRC. Not only did he fail to put a stop to the harassment, he failed to report it and was also part taking in the harassment by encouraging the jokes those guys were making that made Rosetta feel uncomfortable. Another responsibility of a manager is to have good communication not only within the team members but good employee-to-manager communication which is failed to establish with Rosetta.She did not feel comfortabl e talking to her manager about the harassment, which ultimately made her quit her job because she felt she had no one to talk to and ask for help. Al, also fails to recognize the harassment happening and blames it on Rosetta not being able to take the jokes lightly and took the accusation of Rosetta being harassed very lightly. He did not carry his responsibilities out well for the reasons stated above, he created an unsafe, uncomfortable environment for one of his employees. Sexual Harassment Case Study Individual Case Study #1 1. Is there a case of sexual harassment in this situation or is it only fun? This is a case of sexual harassment because; the words and actions of fellow employees ultimately made Rosetta quit her job. The technical definition of harassment is when members of an organization treat an employee in a different manner due to that person’s sex, race, religion, age, and etc. Harassment also includes unwelcomed remarks or jokes which make the employee feel uncomfortable.These guys that Rosetta had been working with, as she mentioned were making remarks and asking uncomfortable questions regarding her personal relationships (asking about her boyfriend, asking intimate details and asking if she prefers Canadian men over Italian men), the guys made dirty jokes and purposely made sure that Rosetta heard them, which is another sign of harassment – its causes Rosetta to feel awkward and embarrassed at her workplace (somewhere where she should feel comfortabl e and safe).Not only, do these guys make dirty jokes, but the manager, Al also contributes and encourages these guys regardless if it’s making another employee uncomfortable. These guys make fun of Rosetta when she comes into work, with remarks like calling her â€Å"Risotto† which in Italian means rice with gravy, not only is this an unwelcomed remark, its taunting her and insulting towards her Italian culture. Another form is harassment is displaying is offensive or pornographic items in a workplace environment.According to Rosetta, these guys post centrefolds pinned on their machines, which are pictures of nude or almost nude women. This is highly inappropriate for the work environment and makes Rosetta uncomfortable. When Rosetta asked these men from refraining to asking awkward and inappropriate questions and to leave her alone, they said that â€Å"Italians are just braggarts† which is derogatory and condescending term against her race. Sexual harassment; a form of harassment, was also present in this situation.Sexual harassment has three different characteristics; the first one being that the encounters must be unwelcomed to the complainant, expressly or implicitly known by the responder to be unwelcomed. This applies to this situation because Rosetta let the guys knows that she did not like the remarks by sayings â€Å"leave me alone† and â€Å"mind your own business† and they still continue to make remarks which leads to the second characteristic; conduct must continue despite the complainant protests, finally the third characteristic is complainants cooperation must be due to employment related threats.Rosetta suffered and took the harassment for so long from the fear of the manager, and being fired from her job. 2. If you were Eva, what would-and could-you do? What are the options? What is the probability of success of each option? Rosetta faced indirect systematic discrimination, which indicates that there is no i ntention to discriminate, but the system, arrangements, or policies allow it to happen. To begin with, Eva could have talked to the Manager, which she had and it didn’t lead her to positive results.So, she could either go above the manager or go directly to the Human Resource department of that company. This is a long process, which has many steps so Eva could choose to go to the Canadian Human Rights Commission. The Canadian Human Rights Act is a federal law that permits discrimination anything under federal jurisdiction, for example banks, airlines, government agencies, radio and TV companies. Areas that are not covered but the federal jurisdiction are covered by the provincial human rights act.The Canadian Human Rights Commission (CHRC) is there to supervise and implement any action under the Canadian Human Rights Act. Any person/group that has reasonable ground to believe that they have been discriminated against has the right to file with CHRC. For Eva to report harassme nt has taken place against Rosetta, she must first take permission from Rosetta, otherwise there is a chance that her complaint could be rejected. However, there are many things that Rosetta has to be careful with, the CHRC does not accept complaints that are over a year old, if the complaint seems trivial or made in bad faith.Eva must report this problem immediately with the correct proof so her complaint wouldn’t be dismissed. After Eva has filed the complaint, it will be further investigated. It will either be ruled as substantiated or non-substantiation, if ruled substantiated, (in support of complainant) then an attempt to make a settlement will be made. If no settlement is made, then the Human Rights Tribunal Panel can be appointed to further investigate the complaint. If they find that there was discrimination against Rosetta, then she will be compensated as seen appropriate.Eva can also file a complaint with the Ontario Human Rights laws and commission, which will inv estigate the complaint (also with the consent of Rosetta) and a settlement will be offered to satisfy both parties if no settlement is reached, then complaint will be further investigated. Both these processes are very long, but proven in favour of the complaint many times. However, there are times where there is no discrimination/harassment found in the case.Another thing Eva could do is try to implement the employment equity program within the organization. This program (usually run by employers) is used to undo past employment discrimination and prevent future discrimination and create equal employment opportunity within the company. Eva, with the help of the HR department could use this program and the example of Rosetta to prevent future situations like this by educating the employees about the laws, and diversity. It can also help undo the harassment that Rosetta faced. . What are Al’s responsibilities in this instance? Did he carry them out well? Why or why not? Employ ers, or managers have one basic responsibility towards their employees, which is to provide a safe environment for their employees and Al, as the manager failed to do so. The job of managers/supervisors is to know the law and to implement it within their organization/team. His responsibility is to be aware of what harassment is, different types of harassments and the signs of harassed workers.His responsibility as a manager was to put a stop to the harassment and discrimination Rosetta was facing, and report those employees to the Human Resources Department or to the CHRC. Not only did he fail to put a stop to the harassment, he failed to report it and was also part taking in the harassment by encouraging the jokes those guys were making that made Rosetta feel uncomfortable. Another responsibility of a manager is to have good communication not only within the team members but good employee-to-manager communication which is failed to establish with Rosetta.She did not feel comfortabl e talking to her manager about the harassment, which ultimately made her quit her job because she felt she had no one to talk to and ask for help. Al, also fails to recognize the harassment happening and blames it on Rosetta not being able to take the jokes lightly and took the accusation of Rosetta being harassed very lightly. He did not carry his responsibilities out well for the reasons stated above, he created an unsafe, uncomfortable environment for one of his employees.

As knowledge of the frequency of sexual abuse has grown,...

As knowledge of the frequency of sexual abuse has grown, more and more victims are seeking massage to help them reconnect and reclaim their bodies. Social workers, doctors, and counselors are referring clients to massage therapists to help the healing process. However, much preparation is required before one is prepared to work with abuse survivors. Sexual abuse can be defined as â€Å"unwanted or inappropriate sexual contact, either verbal or physical, between two or more people that is intended as an act of control, power, rage, violence and intimidation with sex as a weapon.† (Janet Yassen) It can include rape, gang rape, partner or spouse rape, date rape, and even incest. The base intent of abuse is to dominate, humiliate, and gain control†¦show more content†¦The client is addressing major trust issues by allowing a relative stranger to touch them. The therapist, by maintaining protocol and a strictly non-sexual demeanor, can teach the client that trust is possible. As defined by Massage Magazine, the four stages of touch (PECE) are as follows: Prepare yourself by clearing your mind, emotion, and energy using breathing exercises or meditation. Enter the client’s space with awareness and create a comfortable environment to build trust. Heal at the contact point, or the point in time when a quality link is established between the client and the therapist. End the session by communicating what was observed and the client’s progress. Baby steps work best when overcoming trauma. The goal is to heal; some clients seek Massage Therapy to help overcome the fear of touch and experience safe touch. The Cerio Institute published a guideline for working with survivors of sexual abuse. They suggest contacting the client’s other health care professionals once the therapist has confirmed an abusive past, with written permission of course. If the client is not currently under care, it is suggested to keep a list of referrals. This ensures the therapist that the client will receive the care they need without breaching the scope of practice. Massage Therapy Magazine published a study done by the Tough Research Institute. In that study, three victims of rape received massage therapyShow MoreRelatedFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 Pageswith the most effective instructor a nd student resources With WileyPLUS: Students achieve concept mastery in a rich, structured environment that’s available 24/7 Instructors personalize and manage their course more effectively with assessment, assignments, grade tracking, and more manage time better study smarter save money From multiple study paths, to self-assessment, to a wealth of interactive visual and audio resources, WileyPLUS gives you everything you need to personalize the teachingRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesBehavior that helps you actively study and prepare material for class. Chapter-by-chapter activities, including built-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Kim S. Cameron UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Prentice Hall Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai